NIER clock — distribution of the 2022 annual net

NIER clock — distribution of the 2022 annual net

Distribute the refugee and family group’s calculated annual net of −SEK 22bn across time intervals, not measure observed spending in real time.

Data → operation → output

NIER table 1: −SEK 22bn for 2022; selected original/verified CPI price mode and time since 2026-01-01. → inflate(−22×10⁹,2022,mode)/31,557,600; accumulated = net per second × time since 2026-01-01. Negative net may be displayed as an absolute cost amount. → /, /metod

Primary sources

• Konjunkturinstitutet — Specialstudie 117, tabell 1 och diagramunderlag (2025-06-04) ↗

Assumptions

• Uniform annual flow across 365.25 days; the time origin is an own illustration parameter.

Observed vs modelled

The annual net is NIER’s source calculation; rate, accumulation and CPI conversion are derived illustrations.

Uncertainty

One cross-sectional year, not ongoing accounting.

Limitations

• The +SEK 28bn for other foreign-born is excluded; this is not a total immigration cost.

Scope of validity

Sweden, refugees including family members, reference/price year 2022; conversion to confirmed 2025 prices when selected.

Reproducibility

Signs, the 365.25-day division and verified index ratio are tested; no observed per-second outcome is claimed.

Version

2.1 · last verified 2026-10-11

Code/data reference

src/components/sverige-counter.tsx; src/lib/inflation.ts