All foreign-born
+6 mdkr
+0,1 % of GDP
- Per person
- +2 700 kr
- Population
- ~2,189,000
A critical review of data on the long-term effects of immigration on Sweden's economy and society.
This website presents data and analysis on the long-term consequences of immigration for Sweden's public finances and societal development. The focus is on actual outcomes over time — including the second generation, differences between origin groups, and comparisons with other countries.
All information is based on official statistics from Statistics Sweden, Brå, NIER and other established sources. The aim is to provide a more complete picture than what often appears in public debate.
Data from: SCB · Brå · Konjunkturinstitutet · ESO · Polisen · Riksrevisionen
Manifesto
Sverigefakta.com is the footnote Sweden needs. When the claim is repeated at the bar, in the comments section or at the press conference — put an asterisk after it. We handle the rest with public statistics and sources.
Common claims
Claims repeated so often they're rarely examined. We take them one at a time — with public statistics.
Safety
Healthcare
Schools
Economy
Integration
Start here — the narrative thread
A chronological story in six chapters. Begin with the shock — then how we got here, who came, the consequences, the future and what we can do.
Ruist's ESO 2018:3 gives the direct fiscal figure per refugee: about −74,000 SEK/year (2015 prices) over a lifetime. The national aggregates stop there. This website also examines what lies beyond — municipal imbalance, the costs of crime and long-term consequences.
Net fiscal redistribution per refugee · lifetime average
Average net public-finance cost per refugee per Joakim Ruist, ESO 2018:3. Calculated across the full life cycle — from arrival to retirement. The range depends on integration potential and country of origin.
Spann enligt Ruist 2018
2015 års priser
−53 000 kr
Hög integrationspotential
−74 000 kr
Genomsnitt
−94 000 kr
Låg integrationspotential
2015 · cross-section−41,5 mdkrtotal for about 690,000 people in the refugee group (−60 000 kr per person, 2015 prices).
More recent data (NIER 2025)NIER's Special Study 117 shows the refugee group's annual contribution has improved from −41,5 mdkr (2015) to −22 mdkr (2022). Still negative — but less so than in 2015. See history →
Vulnerable areas · Swedish Police 2023
The Swedish Police's 59 vulnerable areas have 2–3× the national average. The more severe the classification, the higher the share.
Mission control · live
Live counters, daily tickers and a throttle further down — track the costs in real time, compare generations and see where the money goes.
Sweden map · interactive
290 municipalities, four data layers, full zoom. Toggle Vulnerable areas and choose the Foreign-born layer to see the correlation directly on the map.
Review · beyond the official numbers
Ruist and NIER measure direct public-finance inflows and outflows. The heaviest costs often show up here — outside the headline figure.
Municipal level
The state's lump-sum compensation is time-limited. When it ends, social assistance, Swedish-for-immigrants tuition, social services and schools keep weighing on the municipality.
Read the review →
Crime
The Swedish Crime Council (Brå 2021:9) documents about 2.5× elevated risk for the foreign-born and 3.2× for the second generation. Justice-system costs aren't allocated by group.
Read the review →
Long-term
Demographics, segregation, school results, dependency ratios and social trust — effects over decades that don't show up in single-year aggregates.
Read the review →
Second generation
Children of two foreign-born parents are classified as native-born in NIER's data. Brå 2021:9 shows 3.2× elevated risk — higher than among the foreign-born.
Read the review →
What should be done?
From work-first and qualification-based access to tighter asylum and family-reunification rules. Backed by Ruist, NIER, the Swedish National Audit Office, the OECD and the Fiscal Policy Council.
Read the policy proposals →Local review
Search Sweden's 290 municipalities to see an estimate of the refugee group's net fiscal cost — based on Ruist's SEK 74,000/year scaled to each municipality's own statistics.
Supplement · NIER 2025 · 2022 cross-section
NIER's Special Study 117 (June 2025) reports the 2022 net contributions. 2022 was a historically favourable year.
All foreign-born
+6 mdkr
+0,1 % of GDP
Refugee group
−22 mdkr
−0,4 % of GDP
Other foreign-born
+28 mdkr
+0,5 % of GDP
Native-born
−6 mdkr
−0,1 % of GDP

Granskning · 1985 → 2025
På en generation har Sverige gått från ett av världens tryggaste och mest sammanhållna länder till att toppa europeiska listor över dödligt skjutvapenvåld, sprängningar och segregation. Den här sektionen sätter siffrorna bredvid varandra — utan att blunda för vad de visar.
Sverige 1990 vs Sverige 2024 — åtta officiella mått
| Mått | Då (90-tal) | Nu (2020-tal) |
|---|---|---|
| Dödsskjutningar per år(Brå) | ca 10 (1996) | 53 (2023) |
| Anmälda sprängningar(Polisen) | < 30/år (90-talet) | 363 (2024) |
| Andel utrikes födda(SCB) | 9 % (1990) | 20,5 % (2024) |
| Andel med utländsk bakgrund(SCB) | 13 % (1990) | 27 % (2024) |
| Polisens utsatta områden(Polisen) | 0 (begreppet fanns ej) | 59 (2023) |
| PISA-läsförståelse(OECD/Skolverket) | 516 (2000) | 487 (2022) |
| Mellanmänsklig tillit (hög)(SOM-institutet) | ca 62 % (1996) | ca 55 % (2023) |
| Otrygga kvinnor (sent ute)(Brå NTU) | 27 % (2007) | 34 % (2023) |
Historisk jämförelse
Brottslighet, skolresultat, tillit och trygghet under fyra decennier — i jämförbara mått.
≈ 4×
fler dödsskjutningar än för 25 år sedan (Brå)
Read the review →
Kvinnors trygghet
Hedersrelaterat våld, kontroll och könssegregering — vad svensk forskning visar.
≈ 240 000
unga lever med hedersnormer (Astrid Schlytter / Sthlms stad)
Read the review →
Otrygg vardag
Skjutningar, sprängningar och företag som väljer bort Sverige eller vissa områden.
363
sprängningar 2024 — rekordnivå (Polisen)
Read the review →
Befolkningen
Hur snabbt Sveriges befolkningssammansättning har förändrats — på två generationer.
ca 27 %
av Sveriges befolkning har utländsk bakgrund (SCB 2024)
Read the review →
Samhällskontraktet
Tillitstrender från SOM-institutet, segregation och parallella samhällen.
−10 p.e.
fall i mellanmänsklig tillit i utsatta områden (SOM)
Read the review →
Näringslivet
Rekryteringsproblem, etableringar som uteblir och hur otrygghet förändrar affärsklimatet.
1 av 4
företagare har övervägt att flytta verksamhet pga otrygghet (Svenskt Näringsliv)
Read the review →
Källor: Brå · Polisen · SCB · OECD/Skolverket · SOM-institutet · Svenskt Näringsliv
FAQ
The most common objections and questions answered neutrally and with sources.
Is family-reunification immigration included?
Yes, within Ruist's refugee category.
Is crime included?
No, not in any meaningful way.
Are Swedish-for-immigrants, housing and dental care included?
Yes, the direct public outlays are included.
Why do municipalities see it differently?
Costs are unevenly split between the state and the municipality.
Metodik · källkritik · definitioner
Alla siffror på webbplatsen kommer från publika myndighetsrapporter. Här ser du primärkällorna, hur centrala begrepp definieras och vilka begränsningar du ska känna till innan du tolkar siffrorna.
Klicka för att se hur varje begrepp definieras — och vilken myndighet som äger definitionen.
Detta är inte en fullständig samhällsekonomisk analys – endast en uppskattning av direkta offentliga inkomster och utgifter.