Migrationsindex — så har riksdagen röstat under riksmötet 2025/26

What does the data show?

Objective observations — not interpretations

• The Migration Index shows how party lines have translated into chamber votes on asylum, citizenship, family reunification and adjacent issues during the term.
• The index measures observable voting behaviour. It does NOT measure party rhetoric, voter opinion, actual societal effects or future positions.
• Two parties can receive the same score for different reasons — e.g. by voting yes to the same tightening or by both abstaining. The score does not replace qualitative analysis behind each individual vote.
• The ranking is weight-dependent. With equal weight per vote, a single technical amendment carries the same weight as a major systemic change. See the sensitivity analysis.
• Labels like 'tight' and 'open' are editorial bands over the raw score — not objective political categories.

Definitions

How the numbers are counted — and what they do not cover

Migration index

Composite editorial measure of parties' migration voting in the Riksdag. Not an official ranking.

Composite index

Numeric measure aggregating several indicators into one value. Always sensitive to weighting and selection.

Indicator

A single observable variable — here: a chamber vote with a defined 'tighter' vote direction.

Dimension

A subset of indicators measuring a bounded aspect (e.g. removals, citizenship).

Score scale

+1 if the party line matches the tighter vote, −1 if opposite, 0 if abstain/absent.

Weighting

Relative importance of each indicator. v1.0 uses equal weight.

Normalisation

Conversion of the raw score to a standard scale (−1 … +1) by dividing by counted votes.

Coding

Rule-based translation of a vote into an index score. Done per published rule.

Classification rule

Explicit rule that determines which direction counts as 'tighter'. Published per vote.

Inter-rater reliability

Degree of agreement between different coders of the same material. Not separately measured in v1.0 — all votes have an external source with an explicit direction.

Sensitivity analysis

Test of how the ranking changes when weights or rules are altered. Published separately.

Election manifesto

A party's collected proposals to voters ahead of an election.

Party programme

A party's fundamental ideological and political platform. More long-term than the manifesto.

Government bill (proposition)

The government's formal legislative proposal to the Riksdag.

Motion

Written proposal from one or more members.

Chamber vote

Vote in the plenary. Records are published openly on riksdagen.se.

Reservation

Alternative proposal from committee members who dissent from the committee's proposal.

Party line

The majority vote within the party group. Individual dissenters shown separately.

Actual policy

What parties actually vote for in the chamber and decide when in government.

Political rhetoric

Statements, campaign material and speeches. Not counted in the core score.

Missing data

Vote where the party has neither voted yes, no nor abstained — handled per rule and lowers the counted-vote total.

Uncertain classification

Vote where the 'tighter' direction is not unambiguous. Documented in notes and may be excluded in sensitivity analysis.

Cut-off date

Last date for votes included in this version of the index. Later versions update the cut-off.

Reproducibility

That a third party can recreate the score given published rules, selection and source data.

Transparency

That all choices, sources and rules are published so the index can be scrutinised.

Frequently asked questions

Short answers to what is most often discussed